
Mineral nutrition of agricultural crops and pastures strongly affects food and biodiversity, both of which are essential to the well-being of humanity. Excessive applications of nutrients, particularly nitrogen and phosphorus, have numerous negative impacts on biodiversity in agricultural systems and beyond. However, applying too few nutrients can also negatively affect our natural systems if it results in increased pressures to convert natural ecosystems to production systems. Optimally managing nutrient inputs for biodiversity, food, nutrition and other outcomes must be based on context-specific targets and solutions that enhance biodiversity from farm to land-scape and global scales.